Saint Thomas Aquinas (also known as Thomas of Aquino or the "Angelic Doctor") was one of the most influential philosophers and theologians in Western history. He lived from around 1225 to March 7, 1274, and is widely regarded as the greatest figure of medieval Scholasticism.Born near Aquino in present-day Italy (in the Kingdom of Sicily) to a noble family, Thomas was the youngest of several children.
As a child, he was sent to the Benedictine monastery at Monte Cassino, where he began his education. He later studied at the University of Naples, where he encountered Aristotelian philosophy, which profoundly shaped his thought.
Against his family's wishes, he joined the Dominican Order around 1244, leading to a famous family attempt to dissuade him (including a period of captivity), but he remained committed. He studied under Albertus Magnus (Albert the Great) in Paris and Cologne, excelling in theology and philosophy.
Thomas taught and wrote extensively, primarily in Paris, Rome, and other Dominican centers. He was known for his calm demeanor, deep intellect, and nickname "the Dumb Ox" (due to his large build and quiet nature—though his teacher famously said his lowing would one day be heard throughout the world).
His philosophy famously synthesized Christian theology with Aristotelian thought, arguing that faith and reason are compatible and complementary ("grace perfects nature"). He viewed theology as a science and emphasized natural law, the role of reason in understanding God, and ethics based on virtue and human flourishing.
You will find the tomb of Saint Thomas Aquinas here in Toulouse, France.