Optional Memorial of the Most Holy Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary

By September of 1683, the city of Vienna had been besieged by soldiers of the Ottoman Empire for two months.  On September 12, 1683 the Polish King, John III Sobieski, defeated the Ottomans in the battle of Vienna.

The battle was fought by the Holy Roman Empire (led by the Habsburg monarchy) and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, both under the command of King John III Sobieski, against the Ottomans and their vassal and tributary states.

Prior to the Battle, the king had gone to pray at the Jasna Gora monastery for the intercession of Our Lady of Czestochowa before the battle.

The battle marked the first time the Commonwealth and the Holy Roman Empire had cooperated militarily against the Ottomans. The defeat was a turning point for Ottoman expansion into Europe, after which they would gain no further ground.

The decisive Christian victory led to the subsequent Habsburg reconquest of Hungary and the Balkans, establishing the Habsburgs as a dominant Central European power and initiating a long period of Ottoman retreat and territorial loss, formalized by the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699.